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Coffee Mediumship: The Spirit of Coffee

Polyphenols and Their Connection to Saturn & Pluto


Preface

If you have not read the Introductory to the Holographic Herbal post, I recommend doing so! If you are new to astrology, you may become lost. The Introductory Post walks you through how I use color, intuition, astrology, anatomy, and phytonutrients in one holistic practice.

Remember that the information found on this blog post, across this blog website, and any associated social media profiles is for educational and entertainment purposes only. The information is not meant to replace advice provided by licensed professionals, and astrology is not intended to diagnose illnesses or prescribe treatments. Do not self-diagnose. You can cause serious harm to yourself. Please work with a licensed professional. For more information, please see my Terms & Conditions Page.

Of Note: I am moving my content-dense essays and musings to a subscription-based platform. I am currently working with a Publishing Consultant who is helping me navigate this! I am most likely moving all of this type of content to Substack. This substack will be a subscription-based extension to this website. Please consider subscribing as this will directly support my work while I am still in school full time. A subscription to the substack does not mean I am taking you on as a client. The wait list to my practice will be dropping soon. If you want me to take you on as a client, and you want to be notified when this wait list drops, subscribe to the substack, follow me on IG, or subscribe to The Mad Sorceress Grimoires Newsletter- all of these places will update you! I am also leaving a link to my Ko-Fi at the bottom of this page if you’d like to donate! If you’ve learned anything from this post, please consider donating if you are able.


Here’s what we learn:

  • The Spirit of Coffee: How it Started

  • The Negatives of Coffee

  • The Benefits of Coffee

  • The Spirit & Science on Coffee & Polyphenols

  • Natural Sources of Polyphenol & Anthocyanins


The Spirit of Coffee: How it Started

During my time in Natural Medicine School, I have come to develop a real love for phytonutrients. If you’ve been following my work for some time, you’ve noticed I have been talking about phytonutrients a lot lately. Phytonutrients are chemical compounds that are found in plants, veggies, & fruits. They are what give our food their color, and are divided into categories depending on the color they express in different fruits and vegetables. This adoration for these compounds came on the heels of a really difficult journey that I began in July for an assignment for school. Technically, the assignment was to record my hydration, and to also document what I drank. After one day, I noticed I was drinking four to five cups of coffee. I don’t drink coffee on its own, so it was never coffee in isolation. When I started this assignment, I was using a Stevia-chemical blend, and the alternative milk I was using was made up of various nuts with gums and oils. I am not bringing this up to judge anyone else who uses these types of products, but it is important to know that five cups of coffee with these added ingredients does have some detrimental effects.

Parallel to this assignment, I was doing a 5-day whole foods diet for another assignment [it was a rough week, but it was an amazing spiritual experience that ended when Venus went Rx into Leo]. To reiterate, this is when I learned about phytonutrients and their benefits. I had also learned that indigenous cultures across time knew what the healing properties of certain plants were because plants and humans had the ability to communicate in a special felt-sense or intuitive type of way. You can read more about this in a book called Eating to Extinction: The World's Rarest Foods and Why We Need to Save Them. Our ancestors would often say that the spirit of the plant would come to them in visions, and teach them how to use the plants. My own ancestors of the Italian Peninsula left behind herbals with drawings that depicted “angels” and “demons” living “inside” the plants. Each plant had its own benefit, and this is what these beings revealed. You can read more about the Folk Medicine of the Ancient Italian Peninsula here in my latest blog post

Before the second day of tracking my hydration and drinking patterns, I had a weird feeling come over me. I sat down to meditate on it, and in front of me I saw a figure that I understood to be the “spirit of coffee”. I had a beautiful image form in my mind’s eye, and I saw this spirit protecting me in my youth. It then spoke to me, and I did not hear it in an audible way, but in a claircognizant way. Claircognizance is when an intuitive feeling comes over you, and you suddenly “know” something new to you, or something is revealed. It said, “You will not feel the full benefits of food or the herbs you’re using if you continue to rely on me. Put me down for now, and when we meet again it will be a new relationship.” 

I have had coffee since I was about seven years old. I saw a child therapist around this age while my parents were getting a divorce. After many, many tests, this therapist told my mother to give me a cup of coffee to “stimulate” my mind. In the 90s, ADHD was not properly diagnosed for girls who had ADHD, since the comparing stick was created from the tests and studies done on boys. Whether or not I have ADHD remains a mystery, but I am OCD [If anyone out there has ADHD and OCD, I want to connect! Is there a link between the two?]. Why a Child Therapist wanted my mother to give me coffee in the morning, and how this possibly relates to ADHD, is beyond me. I have, however, spoken to many people with ADHD, and they often say that coffee helps them self-regulate. Regardless, quitting coffee was not on my list of things to accomplish or do. In fact, when I began my Natural Medicine courses, I turned to my husband and told him I will not be quitting coffee no matter what. However, after this vision of the “spirit of coffee”, I began my 30-day No-Coffee journey the following day. During these 30 days, I meditated on the message, and began to write an essay on the positive and negative effects of coffee. In this blog post, I will share them with you.

The Negatives of Coffee

So, why did the Spirit of Coffee tell me that I wouldn’t be able to truly absorb the nutrients in the herbs that I was experimenting with at the time? Coffee is truly villainized in the Holistic Health Communities. Personally, I believe there is no such thing as “bad food”, but there are some good reasons why we should be a little cautious about excessive intake of coffee. Let’s discuss them.

Firstly, coffee has been shown to inhibit the absorption of nutrients, specifically iron [1]. Iron is ruled by Mars, and we’ve discussed in my blog post about the stress hormone called cortisol, which I give to Mars, that sometimes Mars has the ability to help or harm. Iron is needed, especially if you are someone who bleeds monthly. Iron deficiency can lead to extreme fatigue, shortness of breath, improper circulation, hair loss, brittle nails, pale skin, and so many other issues. It is important to keep this in mind if you already have an iron deficiency and drink coffee regularly.

In excess, as we are all aware, coffee is associated with increased heart rate, insomnia, and nervousness. I have, at many times, discussed the importance of sleep and how sleep is literally essential for every aspect of the human experience. You can read more about it here [The Stress Hormone Called Cortisol], here [The Wisdom of Sleep], here [Be A Hypnagogic Artist], and here [The Science & Spirit on Melatonin]. In short, sleep is necessary to drain toxins from the brain through the glymphatic system, detoxify the body through the hormone and antioxidant called melatonin, regulate hormones that are linked to the menstrual cycle and the circadian rhythm, and let’s not forget the cognitive effects, especially when we discuss imagination, creation, and art.

If you already have nervous tendencies, coffee can make anxiety worse. Coffee can cause panic attacks and heart palpitations. In my opinion, it is better to drink something calming when in a panic, rather than coffee. However, I know what it’s like when the “need” for coffee to “keep up” in a fast-paced environment is felt. While being aware of a sense of urgency is crucial in many of today’s work environments, sometimes it is better to slow down and assess! 

The Benefits of Coffee & Polyphenols

Coffee has a lot of nutrients, and I want to focus on only a couple. One of these nutrients are called polyphenols. Polyphenols are the largest class of phytochemicals, and are thought to have over 8,000 compounds [2]. They are antioxidants, and interact with our gut microbiome [3]. Polyphenols also exhibit antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties [4]. 

Dark berries are the best source of high polyphenol content with a prebiotic effect on the gut microbiome [5]. Pomegranates and blueberries, two fruits that also have polyphenol content, are shown to reduce C. diff [Clostridium difficile], a bacterial infection that occurs while on antibiotic drugs [6].

Blueberries and strawberries, which also have polyphenol content, are linked to the improved cognition of healthy elderly individuals when they are eaten regularly [7]. When adjusted for age, polyphenols from dark berries have expressed a decrease in the risk of Alzheimer's disease [8]

Anthocyanins, also found in coffee, are part of the antioxidant polyphenol family. Many dark-colored foods contain anthocyanins, along with fiber, protein, vitamin A, iron, and magnesium. Anthocyanins are also found in foods that are red, blue, and purple. They are known to treat inflammation as well as oxidative stress. Their anti-oxidative properties protect our DNA from damage from free radicals [9], which further prevents the growth of tumors [10]. Anthocyanin is used as an alternative treatment paired with chemotherapy, and has proven to be less aggressive than conventional cancer drugs [11]. Anthocyanins may protect the skin from skin cancer, as well as inhibit ovarian and leukemia cells from spreading [12, 13, 14].

Anthocyanins are also shown to treat age-related mental decline [15, 16]. They have been shown to improve memory, verbal learning, attention, and brain processing speed in children and adults with cognitive impairment, as well as those without cognitive impairment [17, 18]. Anthocyanins may have the ability to slow the progression of Alzheimer's Disease [19]. A study done on elderly participants with moderate dementia improved their verbal fluency and memory [both short & long term] within 12 weeks by drinking 6.6 ounces/200mL of cherry juice every day [20]. Cherries are rich in anthocyanins.

A study showed that individuals who eat more anthocyanin-rich foods have a 15% lower risk of type 2 diabetes [21]. Studies also show that anthocyanins support the body's ability to manage blood sugar levels, improving glucose tolerance [22], with some studies expressing that it may aid the body in recognizing and using insulin [23]. This is monumental for people with diabetes, PCOS, and insulin resistance. However, more research is needed.

Coffee is also a pain-reliever and an antidepressant. One study proved that coffee drinkers are less likely to be depressed, especially among femmes [24], with a reduced risk of s*icide [25]. Studies also display coffee’s properties in pain modulation and management [26]. It's no wonder why society is obsessed with coffee, especially those of us who have PTSD and c-PTSD, as well as those of us who are neurodivergent, ADHD, ADD, and autistic. Considering the evidence, I think villainizing coffee [much like we villainize Saturn and Pluto] should be carefully re-evaluated.

The Spirit & Science on Coffee

Besides my powerhouse of a teacher Bonny Casel, ND, I suggest following and supporting two incredibly creative, innovative, and knowledgeable practitioners: Medical Astrologer Kira Sutherland and Nutritional Scientist Dr. Deanna Minich. Both women have bolstered my own studies in school, as well as indirectly emboldened me to craft my own way of navigating healing, but from a science and spiritual perspective. The following is inspired by their work with my own additions.

You may often hear herbalists say that “green is connected to the heart”, and this is because the heart chakra is associated with the color green. Chakras are a part of an ancient system that originated in India, and they were mentioned in the Vedas, which was a large text of esoteric wisdom written from 1500 - 1000 BC. In Sanskrit, chakra means “spinning wheel”, and this refers to certain points in the body that are thought to give off specific energies, and they correspond to the neuroendocrine system within the body. According to New Age thought, it is said that there are chakras within the body, as well as outside the body, totalling in 117 different chakras. Many practices only focus on the traditional Seven Chakra System being: The Root, The Sacral, The Solar Plexus, The Heart, The Throat, The Third Eye, and The Crown. 

However, there is a chakra connected to the color black called the Earth Star Chakra [Vasundhara], or Super Root. To reiterate, this chakra is part of New Age Thought, and yet I still find it a fascinating concept. This chakra represents our connection to Earth, and it apparently connects our own energy with the collective consciousness, past, present, and future. It is also linked to our ancestors, both by blood or by land. It does not align with any organ or part of the body, but sits directly under our Root Chakra [or sometimes under the soles of our feet] outside of our body.

When we look at the Zodiacal Color Wheel, black is more closely related to Pisces. See image below:

Pisces is related to the pineal gland, Crown Chakra, and the color dark purple. The Crown Chakra aligns with the top of our head. It is connected to our intuition, spiritual knowing, and imagination. Pisces is ruled by Jupiter and Neptune. Jupiter is the planet of spirituality, wisdom, abundance, growth, and gifts. Neptune represents fantasies, illusions, dreams, and the dissolution of boundaries.

However, like many occultists, astrologers, and magicians, I associate black with Saturn and Pluto. Black is the color that is used to invoke these energies in spellwork. Saturn rules both Capricorn and Aquarius [Uranus co-rules Aquarius], and Pluto rules Scorpio along with Mars. Sometimes Astrology and the Chakras align, and other times they tell a different story. Where Aries rules the head in Astrology, Aries is actually related to The Root Chakra, Muladhara, which sits in the pelvis area of the body, and it is enmeshed with our survival, where we’ve come from, and how we feel safe in community. The Chakra that represents the head area is The Third Eye Chakra, Anja, which speaks about imagination, insight, and intuition. It aligns with our pituitary gland, brain, neurons, and neurotransmitters. I actually associate this Chakra with Capricorn and Aquarius, as the color that correlates to Anja is purple.

Capricorn, ruled by Saturn, is famously known for representing our foundations, structures, traditions, and the ancestors. This is why it is associated with bones and dinosaurs: the bones are our literal structure of our bodies, and the dinosaurs [which we are only acquainted with through the bones they’ve left behind] were here on this Earth before us. Both Saturn and Pluto have protective qualities. Pluto being related to Hades, the Ruler of the Underworld, can be viewed as a deity who protects the spirit world. Hades is, if anything else, He Who Resides With Our Dearly Departed. Saturn, if you pay closer attention, sometimes works on the basis of “Rejection is Protection”. When we are occulted, unseen, ignored, excluded, or rejected from something, sometimes it may mean we are being protected from it. Let’s parse out this notion of protection and occultation further.

Recall that the polyphenol content in coffee is actually beneficial for our gut microbiome. I talk more about the relationship between bacteria and the body’s health in another essay titled Microbial Animism and Intuition, and I hope to post this behind a paywall on my substack. In the meantime, if Microbial Animism [or Microanimism] is something you might be interested in, please check out Dr. Siv Watkins’ work. Dr. Watkins is a biologist, ritualist, and she coined the term Microanimism. She is the pioneer in this work, and I want to give her the credit for bringing awareness to microorganisms [or as she calls them, The Smalls], and their impact on our everyday life.

There are studies being done that exhibit bacteria’s role in bone health. Non-beneficial bacteria can stimulate osteoclastogenesis and bone loss in mice, and some of these studies are being done on humans as well [27, 28]. Bacteria are microorganisms that evolved alongside humans, and therefore are part of the body’s structure. Pluto is related to toxins, sickness, plague, and death. It is that which has been inherited from our ancestors: riches, land, personality traits, behaviors, appearance, and even disease. Pluto represents the riches found under the Earth. Scorpio, ruled by Pluto and Mars, is the opposing sign of Taurus who is ruled by Venus. Taurus represents our relationship to our material wealth, our possessions, our values, food production, gardens, nature, etc. So what happens when our verdant garden meets the fall and winter months? It’s decay becomes fertilizer for the next generation of whatever grows in that garden in the spring and summer. So, here we have the two “structures” of our body, one ruled by Saturn, and the other possibly ruled by Pluto, and one affects the other when in negative health. 

In my essay Microbial Animism and Intuition, I explain further how bacteria are the ancestors of our ancestors, and they’ve evolved parallel with us. Because of this intrinsic symbiotic relationship with the smalls, I believe it is reverence and respect that we must give to our gut flora. Venerating, by taking care and bringing awareness to our gut biome, can truly strengthen our spiritual gifts. Hopefully, science can explore this concept, and bring awareness to these very tiny ancestors of our ancestors. Maybe one day in the future, we can have a better holistic and symbiotic relationship with bacteria.

As it relates to our ancestors, the constellation Capricorn was known as being The Gate of the Gods, where one’s soul passes beyond after they depart. Saturn and Pluto have some similarity as they both can embody death. Pluto is the literal death, decay, and rebirth, and Saturn represents how the soul transcends time after death, spiritually speaking. One thing they definitely both symbolize is the ancestors who exist outside of our linear time as we know it. 

As it relates to cognitive health, as mentioned before, the polyphenols in coffee are shown to improve memory, verbal learning, and attention. Recall that Aries is associated with the head and brain. Aries is ruled by Mars, who co-rules Scorpio with Pluto. Alzheimer’s is more commonly known as a disease that affects people aged 65 or older, and Capricorn, ruled by Saturn, is connected to our elders. Again recall that polyphenols have the ability to protect our DNA from oxidative stress. This might be another blog post for another time, but when I read studies like that, I can’t help but think of Ancestral Work. Saturn and Pluto both strengthen our connection to our ancestors, and we can utilize both energies when doing Ancestral Work and Veneration. Personally, I associate DNA with Aquarius, who is co-ruled by Saturn and the Innovator of the skies: Uranus.

Knowing all of this ties it all together, and brings back into view the concept of the Earth Star Chakra, and its connection to the color black. Lastly, polyphenols are found in dark-colored foods like coffee, blueberries, blackberries, sable grapes, olives, and dark chocolate. To reiterate, these darker foods have the ability to protect us. I will leave you with this: take for instance squid ink which is used in Japanese and Mediterranean culinary dishes. It has been traditionally utilized as a food additive, in cosmetics, and writing. However, it has been used in medicine since squid ink has antimicrobial and antioxidant properties [29, 30]. What does squid ink do for the squid? It protects it by helping it evade threats and danger by occulting its image from predators.

Considering the above studies, research, and esoteric knowledge, I think it is fair to say that the phytonutrients that are found in dark colored foods have protective qualities, and coffee is the protecting plant spirit of my generation. My generation is a generation heavily ruled by both Saturn and Pluto. We have Pluto in its own sign of Scorpio, as well as Saturn in its own sign of Capricorn where most of us have that 1989 Capricorn Stellium. My offering for this Samhain and Halloween season is to challenge you to eat more naturally darker foods to invoke these energies, honor our ancestors [especially our gut microflora], protect our brain and cognition, and keep us overall healthy. 

Of note: I want to make it absolutely clear that I am not talking about sun sign astrology. Meaning, just because you’re a Capricorn or Aries, does not mean you will endure any type of cognitive degenerative disease. I am strictly speaking about astrological energies in general. Astrology is not meant to diagnose or cure illness, as it is meant only for entertainment. Please take this time to view my Terms & Conditions page for more information if you are still unclear. 

Natural Sources of Polyphenols That Are Not Coffee:

Polyphenols:

  • Black olives

  • Blackberries

  • Black currants

  • Black chokeberries

  • Black/sable grapes

  • Black beans

  • Black tea

  • Acai

  • Sea buckthorn berries

  • Juniper berries

  • Goji berries

  • Arctic brambles

  • Cloudberries

  • Elderberries

Anthocyanins:

  • Red grapes

  • Cranberries

  • Raspberries

  • Strawberries

  • Blueberries

  • Bilberries

  • Blackberries

  • Wine

  • Tea

  • Dark Chocolate

  • Black Elderberries

  • Black currants

  • Sweet cherries

  • Lingonberries

  • Sour Cherries

  • Black/sable grapes

  • Plums

  • Black beans

  • Red currants

  • Red Wine

  • Red Onions

  • Purple corn

  • Pomegranate

  • Eggplant

  • Black carrots

  • Red cabbage

  • Purple Cauliflower


Resources and Research Citing:

Dr. Deanna Minich, Ph.D.

Kira Sutherland

Sajah Popham

Bonny Casel, ND

Dr. Siv Watkins, Ph.D.

[1] - Inhibition of food iron absorption by coffee

[2, 3] - Deanna Minich, PhD, CNS

[4. 5] - The emerging role of dark berry polyphenols in human health and nutrition - Higbee - 2022 - Food Frontiers - Wiley Online Library

[6] - https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.128

[7] - https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.128

[8] - https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.128

[9] -Silva, Rui F M, and Lea Pogačnik. “Polyphenols from Food and Natural Products: Neuroprotection and Safety.” Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 9,1 61. 10 Jan. 2020, doi:10.3390/antiox9010061

[10] - Chen J, Xu B, Sun J, Jiang X, Bai W. Anthocyanin supplement as a dietary strategy in cancer prevention and management: A comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(26):7242-7254. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1913092. Epub 2021 Apr 19. PMID: 33872094.

[11] - Montané, Xavier et al. “Current Perspectives of the Applications of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Cancer Therapy.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 25,15 3342. 23 Jul. 2020, doi:10.3390/molecules25153342

[12] - Diaconeasa, Zorița et al. “Anthocyanins, Vibrant Color Pigments, and Their Role in Skin Cancer Prevention.” Biomedicines vol. 8,9 336. 9 Sep. 2020, doi:10.3390/biomedicines8090336

[13] - Montané, Xavier et al. “Current Perspectives of the Applications of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Cancer Therapy.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 25,15 3342. 23 Jul. 2020, doi:10.3390/molecules25153342

[14] - Lim WC, Kim H, Kim YJ, Park SH, Song JH, Lee KH, Lee IH, Lee YK, So KA, Choi KC, Ko H. Delphinidin inhibits BDNF-induced migration and invasion in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2017 Dec 1;27(23):5337-5343. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.09.024. Epub 2017 Sep 18. PMID: 29122484.

[15, 16] - Silva, Rui F M, and Lea Pogačnik. “Polyphenols from Food and Natural Products: Neuroprotection and Safety.” Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 9,1 61. 10 Jan. 2020, doi:10.3390/antiox9010061

[17] - Kent K, Charlton KE, Netzel M, Fanning K. Food-based anthocyanin intake and cognitive outcomes in human intervention trials: a systematic review. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2017 Jun;30(3):260-274. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12431. Epub 2016 Oct 11. PMID: 27730693.

[18] - Bell, Lynne et al. “A Review of the Cognitive Effects Observed in Humans Following Acute Supplementation with Flavonoids, and Their Associated Mechanisms of Action.” Nutrients vol. 7,12 10290-306. 9 Dec. 2015, doi:10.3390/nu7125538

[19] - Celik E, Sanlier N. Effects of nutrient and bioactive food components on Alzheimer's disease and epigenetic. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2019;59(1):102-113. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1359488. Epub 2017 Oct 11. PMID: 28799782.

[20] - Kent K, Charlton K, Roodenrys S, Batterham M, Potter J, Traynor V, Gilbert H, Morgan O, Richards R. Consumption of anthocyanin-rich cherry juice for 12 weeks improves memory and cognition in older adults with mild-to-moderate dementia. Eur J Nutr. 2017 Feb;56(1):333-341. doi: 10.1007/s00394-015-1083-y. Epub 2015 Oct 19. PMID: 26482148.

[21] - Guo X, Yang B, Tan J, Jiang J, Li D. Associations of dietary intakes of anthocyanins and berry fruits with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 Dec;70(12):1360-1367. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.142. Epub 2016 Aug 17. PMID: 27530472.

[22, 23] - Speer, Hollie et al. “Anthocyanins and Human Health-A Focus on Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Disease.” Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 9,5 366. 28 Apr. 2020, doi:10.3390/antiox9050366

[24] - Lucas M, Mirzaei F, Pan A, Okereke OI, Willett WC, O'Reilly ÉJ, Koenen K, Ascherio A. Coffee, caffeine, and risk of depression among women. Arch Intern Med. 2011 Sep 26;171(17):1571-8. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.393. PMID: 21949167; PMCID: PMC3296361

[25] - Lucas M, O'Reilly EJ, Pan A, Mirzaei F, Willett WC, Okereke OI, Ascherio A. Coffee, caffeine, and risk of completed suicide: results from three prospective cohorts of American adults. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2014 Jul;15(5):377-86. doi: 10.3109/15622975.2013.795243. Epub 2013 Jul 2. PMID: 23819683; PMCID: PMC4213948.

[26] - Baratloo A, Rouhipour A, Forouzanfar MM, Safari S, Amiri M, Negida A. The Role of Caffeine in Pain Management: A Brief Literature Review. Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Mar 26;6(3):e33193. doi: 10.5812/aapm.33193. PMID: 27642573; PMCID: PMC5018099.

[27] - The Gut Microbiome’s Role in Skeletal Health | Harvard Medical School.

[28] - Zhang, Jian et al. “The impact of the intestinal microbiome on bone health.” Intractable & rare diseases research vol. 7,3 (2018): 148-155. doi:10.5582/irdr.2018.01055

[29] - Nadarajah SK, Vijayaraj R, Mani J. Therapeutic Significance of Loligo vulgaris (Lamarck, 1798) ink Extract: A Biomedical Approach. Pharmacognosy Res. 2017 Dec;9(Suppl 1):S105-S109. doi: 10.4103/pr.pr_81_17. PMID: 29333051; PMCID: PMC5757319.

[30] - Rajaganapathi J, Thyagarajan SP, Edward JK. Study on cephalopod's ink for anti-retroviral activity. Indian J Exp Biol. 2000 May;38(5):519-20. PMID: 11272422.


Further Reading:

9 Health Benefits of Coffee, Based on Science

Coffee | The Nutrition Source | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits - PMC.

Anthocyanin: Foods, Benefits, Side Effects, and Supplements

Anthocyanins: A Comprehensive Review of Their Chemical Properties and Health Effects on Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Bioactive Micronutrients in Coffee: Recent Analytical Approaches for Characterization and Quantification - PMC

Stabilization of Anthocyanins from Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Husks and In Vivo Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity - PMC.

The Role of Caffeine in Pain Management: A Brief Literature Review - PMC

Chocolate, Coffee May Play Role in the Gut Microbiome

Caffeine as a Factor Influencing the Functioning of the Human Body—Friend or Foe? - PMC



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